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created-black">发表在<gydF4y2Baem>半岛综合体育官方APP下载德甲光谱学欧洲/世界bdapp官方下载安卓版<gydF4y2Ba/em>卷。<gydF4y2Badiv class="field field--name-field-volume field--type-string field--label-hidden field--item"> 33<gydF4y2Ba/div>问题<gydF4y2Badiv class="field field--name-field-issue field--type-string field--label-hidden field--item"> 5<gydF4y2Ba/div>（<gydF4y2Badiv class="field field--name-field-year field--type-string field--label-hidden field--item"> 2021<gydF4y2Ba/div>）<gydF4y2Ba/span> </footer> <div class="header-info"> <div class="article-addthis"></div> <div class="pdf-download"> <div class="field field--name-field-full-text-pdf field--type-file field--label-inline"> <div class="field--label"> 全文PDF<gydF4y2Ba/div> <div class="field--item"> <span class="file file--mime-application-pdf file--application-pdf"><span class="icon glyphicon glyphicon-file text-primary" aria-hidden="true"></span><a href="//m.byopera.com/system/files/pdf/Raman-Multiferroics-33-5-w.pdf" type="application/pdf; length=620881" title="多铁离子晶体中复杂电、磁相互作用的结构、介电和拉曼光谱研究gydF4y2Ba" target="_blank" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom">多铁离子晶体中复杂电、磁相互作用的结构、介电和拉曼光谱研究<gydF4y2Ba/a></span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="content"> <div class="field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field--item"> <h4 class="aAuthor">Holger Gibhardt，* Fabian Ziegler和Götz Eckold<gydF4y2Ba/h4> <p class="aAffil">乔治-奥古斯特大学Göttingen，德国塔曼斯特6,D-37077 Göttingen<gydF4y2Ba/p> <p class="biblio">DOI:<gydF4y2Baa href="https://doi.org/10.1255/sew.2021.a22">https://doi.org/10.1255/sew.2021.a22<gydF4y2Ba/a><br>©2021作者<gydF4y2Babr>在知识共享许可下发布<gydF4y2Ba/p> <h2>介绍<gydF4y2Ba/h2> <p>虽然普通材料通常要么是磁性有序，要么是电有序，但一种相对较新的材料——所谓的多铁性材料——已经被发现，它同时表现出磁性和电有序(最终也会是机械有序)。这些系统的独特和迷人的特点是，这两种现象是耦合的，电力可以用来控制磁性结构，反之亦然。<gydF4y2Ba/p> <p>不幸的是，迄今为止研究的大多数系统仅在低温下才表现出这些非凡的特性。鉴于多铁性材料在信息技术、传感器技术等方面的应用前景，提高多铁性材料的温度范围是一项至关重要的任务。由于自旋与离子运动耦合的确切机制以及由此产生的电偶极矩尚未完全了解，因此需要进行详细的实验和理论研究，这需要高分辨率拉曼光谱等先进技术和合适的激光源。半岛综合体育官方APP下载德甲<gydF4y2Ba/p> <p>一个特别有趣的系统是MnWO<gydF4y2Basub>4<gydF4y2Ba/sub>，其中Mn<gydF4y2Basup>２＋<gydF4y2Ba/sup>是唯一的磁性离子。它的磁相图相当复杂，显示出两种不同的反铁磁相，如下图所示<gydF4y2Bai>T<gydF4y2Ba/i><sub>K<gydF4y2Ba/sub>= 6.8 K和之间<gydF4y2Bai>T<gydF4y2Ba/i><sub>C<gydF4y2Ba/sub>= 12.3 k <<gydF4y2Bai>T<gydF4y2Ba/i><<gydF4y2Bai>T<gydF4y2Ba/i><sub>N<gydF4y2Ba/sub>= 13.2 K。在中间多铁相之间<gydF4y2Bai>T<gydF4y2Ba/i><sub>K<gydF4y2Ba/sub>和<gydF4y2Bai>T<gydF4y2Ba/i><sub>C<gydF4y2Ba/sub>自旋不再是反铁磁排列，而是沿一定的晶体学方向形成摆线波。不同自旋之间的稳定相互作用由抗磁性氧离子通过磁性超交换介导。此外，对氧离子施加一个力，使它们从正常位置移位。结果，产生电偶极矩，晶体变成铁电晶体。电磁耦合通常用“逆Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya”相互作用来描述。<gydF4y2Ba/p> <p>磁相互作用的变化是研究这类复杂体系电磁行为的关键工具。这可以通过在晶体中掺杂其他离子来实现。例如，可以用非磁性离子代替某些锰离子，从而导致磁性相互作用的减少，从而减少多铁相的稳定区域。另一方面，非磁性离子的变化有助于增加离子位移和自旋诱导的电偶极矩，从而导致增强的多铁态。在本研究中，我们用钼代替钨，并表征了混合体系MnWO的结构、介电和光谱性质<gydF4y2Basub>4<gydF4y2Ba/sub>-MnMoO<gydF4y2Basub>4<gydF4y2Ba/sub>。<gydF4y2Ba/p> <p>晶格振动反映了局部原子间相互作用的细节。因此，拉曼光谱是研究离子掺半岛综合体育官方APP下载德甲杂对自旋-氧偶联影响的有力工具。在之前的一篇文章中，<gydF4y2Basup>1<gydF4y2Ba/sup>我们能够证明，在WO内，W-O拉伸振动具有不寻常的强温度依赖性<gydF4y2Basub>6<gydF4y2Ba/sub>正八面体。用Ar的绿线<gydF4y2Basup>+<gydF4y2Ba/sup>-离子激光器，波长λ = 514.532 nm，位移0.3 cm<gydF4y2Basup>1<gydF4y2Ba/sup>其中884.4厘米<gydF4y2Basup>1<gydF4y2Ba/sup>模式可以在相当小的多铁相温度间隔(5.5 K)内检测到。因此，可以通过这种特定晶格模式的频移来监测mo掺杂的磁相互作用的变化。<gydF4y2Ba/p> <p>用钼离子取代钨离子是一个具有挑战性的过程，需要多步骤的化学固态过程。<gydF4y2Basup>2，3<gydF4y2Ba/sup>混合纯组分后，MnWO<gydF4y2Basub>4<gydF4y2Ba/sub>和MnMoO<gydF4y2Basub>4<gydF4y2Ba/sub>通过球磨、球团压制、温度循环和最终烧结等几个循环，制备了一系列MnW成分的样品<gydF4y2Basub>1 -<gydF4y2Bai>x<gydF4y2Ba/i></sub>莫<gydF4y2Bai><sub>x<gydF4y2Ba/sub></i>O<gydF4y2Basub>4<gydF4y2Ba/sub>当0 <<gydF4y2Bai>x<gydF4y2Ba/i>< 1。即使两种纯化合物属于同一空间群<gydF4y2Bai>P<gydF4y2Ba/i>2 /<gydF4y2Bai>米<gydF4y2Ba/i>它们的晶格参数差别很小，但氧离子的配位差别很大。在MnWO中<gydF4y2Basub>4<gydF4y2Ba/sub>(黑钨矿)，钨与氧六倍配位，形成WO<gydF4y2Basub>6<gydF4y2Ba/sub>-八面体，MnMoO中的钼<gydF4y2Basub>4<gydF4y2Ba/sub>是四倍协调和MoO<gydF4y2Basub>4<gydF4y2Ba/sub>-四面体是相应的积木。因此，两者之间存在着有限的混溶性和明显的差距<gydF4y2Bai>x<gydF4y2Ba/i>= 0.3和<gydF4y2Bai>x<gydF4y2Ba/i>= 0.65。确切的扩展在文献中仍在讨论中，似乎取决于制备的类型。因此，在本研究中所调查的样品用x射线粉末衍射表征，如图1所示。<gydF4y2Ba/p> <p class="rtecenter"><img alt="" src="//m.byopera.com/sites/default/files/2021/articles/Raman_33-5_F1-w.jpg" width="500"></p> <p class="rtecenter caption">图1所示。烧结MnW的x射线衍射图<gydF4y2Basub>1 -<gydF4y2Bai>x<gydF4y2Ba/i></sub>莫<gydF4y2Bai><sub>x<gydF4y2Ba/sub></i>O<gydF4y2Basub>4<gydF4y2Ba/sub>不同浓度的样品。不同的颜色代表不同结构特征的浓度状态。<gydF4y2Ba/p> <p>可以明显区分出三种集中状态:<gydF4y2Ba/p> <ul> <li class="red">第一组(黑色):0 <<gydF4y2Bai>x<gydF4y2Ba/i>< 0.3:衍射图由MnWO纯黑钨矿相的反射组成<gydF4y2Basub>4<gydF4y2Ba/sub>(除Ta表示的样品架反射外)。因此，在这种浓度状态下，六重配位钨离子逐渐被钼离子取代。<gydF4y2Ba/li> <li class="red">第三组(蓝色):0.65 <<gydF4y2Bai>x<gydF4y2Ba/i>< 1:衍射图由纯MnMoO的反射组成<gydF4y2Basub>4<gydF4y2Ba/sub>四重配位的钼离子被钨取代。<gydF4y2Ba/li> <li class="red">第二组(红色):0.3 <<gydF4y2Bai>x<gydF4y2Ba/i>< 0.65:衍射图与纯MnWO相似<gydF4y2Basub>4<gydF4y2Ba/sub>但是，如星号所示，钼酸盐相的主反射也出现在26°，并随着mo含量的增加而增大<gydF4y2Bai>x<gydF4y2Ba/i>。即使钨酸相的反射仍然占主导地位，这一发现也清楚地表明了混相间隙的存在。<gydF4y2Ba/li> </ul> <h2>拉曼光谱半岛综合体育官方APP下载德甲<gydF4y2Ba/h2> <p>通过拉曼光谱可以获得关于原子间相互作用变化的更详细的信息。半岛综合体育官方APP下载德甲与之前对纯MnWO的研究不同<gydF4y2Basub>4<gydF4y2Ba/sub>然而，由于钼含量使样品完全不透明并且强烈吸收绿光，因此不能使用标准氩激光研究混合晶体体系。<gydF4y2Ba/p> <p>因此，绿色激光不适合该系统，而必须首选红色激光。在拉曼光谱中，激发半岛综合体育官方APP下载德甲光的基本条件是长时间稳定和约0.01 cm的窄带宽<gydF4y2Basup>1<gydF4y2Ba/sup>。因此，我们使用了一种新型固态红色激光器Solo640 (UNIKLASERS)，它非常符合这些要求。该激光器的波长为λ = 640 nm，最大功率为500 mW(在样品处，应用了10 mW)。<gydF4y2Ba/p> <p>图2显示了两个波数范围的浓度相关光谱。同样，三个浓度基团可以很好地区分，由颜色编码的光谱证明。<gydF4y2Ba/p> <p class="rtecenter"><img alt="" src="//m.byopera.com/sites/default/files/2021/articles/Raman_33-5_F2-w.jpg" width="1003"></p> <p class="rtecenter caption">图2。烧结MnW的拉曼光谱<gydF4y2Basub>1 -<gydF4y2Bai>x<gydF4y2Ba/i></sub>莫<gydF4y2Bai><sub>x<gydF4y2Ba/sub></i>O<gydF4y2Basub>4<gydF4y2Ba/sub>不同浓度的样品。三种浓度状态用不同的颜色来区分。强度相对于A归一化<gydF4y2Basub>g<gydF4y2Ba/sub>4模式在327厘米<gydF4y2Basup>1<gydF4y2Ba/sup>。<gydF4y2Ba/p> <p>特别令人感兴趣的是氧多面体在850 cm之间的内部拉伸振动的浓度依赖性<gydF4y2Basup>1<gydF4y2Ba/sup>950厘米<gydF4y2Basup>1<gydF4y2Ba/sup>。随着mo含量的增加，WO的定义清晰<gydF4y2Basub>6<gydF4y2Ba/sub>-振动在884.4 cm<gydF4y2Basup>1<gydF4y2Ba/sup>变得更弱，另一个模式在850厘米<gydF4y2Basup>1<gydF4y2Ba/sup>这可归因于氧八面体中心的钼取代。在钼酸盐相的浓度区(蓝色光谱)，拉曼光谱被分成几个波段，这些波段对应于MoO中不同类型的拉伸振动<gydF4y2Basub>4<gydF4y2Ba/sub><sup>2 -<gydF4y2Ba/sup>四面体。图2左侧显示的较低波数的外部振动证实了这一印象<gydF4y2Bai>x<gydF4y2Ba/i>= 0.65时，钨酸盐相的特征被保留，但由于掺杂了mo而有所改变。只有超越<gydF4y2Bai>x<gydF4y2Ba/i>= 0.7时钼酸矿模式占主导地位，黑钨矿模式明显减少。<gydF4y2Ba/p> <p>钼掺杂对多铁相变的影响可以通过介质阻抗谱得到的介电常数ε′实部的温度依赖性反映出来，如图3所示。半岛综合体育官方APP下载德甲定义明确的峰表示居里温度<gydF4y2Bai>T<gydF4y2Ba/i><sub>C<gydF4y2Ba/sub>，其中多铁相在与自发电极化相关的冷却中进入。随着钼浓度的增加，<gydF4y2Bai>T<gydF4y2Ba/i><sub>C<gydF4y2Ba/sub>显著增加，多铁相在较高温度下稳定。钼浓度达到时，仍可观察到介电损耗峰<gydF4y2Bai>x<gydF4y2Ba/i>= 0.5，即使强度逐渐减小。的近似线性行为之后<gydF4y2Bai>T<gydF4y2Ba/i><sub>C<gydF4y2Ba/sub>（<gydF4y2Bai>x<gydF4y2Ba/i>)的浓度较低，正如哈代所观察到的那样<gydF4y2Bai>et al。<gydF4y2Ba/i>，<gydF4y2Basup>4<gydF4y2Ba/sup>附近有饱和<gydF4y2Bai>x<gydF4y2Ba/i>= 0.35 at<gydF4y2Bai>T<gydF4y2Ba/i><sub>C<gydF4y2Ba/sub>= 14.7 K，比纯MnWO高2 K以上<gydF4y2Basub>4<gydF4y2Ba/sub>。<gydF4y2Ba/p> <p class="rtecenter"><img alt="" src="//m.byopera.com/sites/default/files/2021/articles/Raman_33-5_F3-w.jpg" width="999"></p> <p class="rtecenter caption">图3。左:MnW介电常数实部与温度的关系<gydF4y2Basub>1 -<gydF4y2Bai>x<gydF4y2Ba/i></sub>莫<gydF4y2Bai><sub>x<gydF4y2Ba/sub></i>O<gydF4y2Basub>4<gydF4y2Ba/sub>对于不同的构图。右:浓度依赖性<gydF4y2Bai>T<gydF4y2Ba/i><sub>C<gydF4y2Ba/sub>。开放符号是参考文献4中的数据点。<gydF4y2Ba/p> <p>本研究的结果表明，事实上，离子的部分取代导致了多铁相温度范围的扩大。其主要特征是氧介导的磁性离子间超交换相互作用的修饰和增强。了解原子水平上的潜在过程对于可能的应用和具有令人兴奋的性能的新材料的开发至关重要。<gydF4y2Ba/p> <h2>参考文献<gydF4y2Ba/h2> <ol> <li>F. Ziegler, H. Gibhardt, J. Leist和G. Eckold，“多铁MnWO中自旋声子耦合的高分辨率极化拉曼散射研究”<gydF4y2Basub>4<gydF4y2Ba/sub>”,<gydF4y2Bai>板牙。表达》<gydF4y2Ba/i><b>2，<gydF4y2Ba/b>096103(2015)。<gydF4y2Baa href="https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/2/9/096103">https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/2/9/096103<gydF4y2Ba/a></li> <li>L. Meddar, M. Josse, M. Maglione, A. Guiet, C. La, P. Deniard, R. Decourt, C. Lee, C. Tian, S. Jobic, M.- h。Whangbo和C. Payen，“提高自旋受挫多铁MnWO的相变温度。<gydF4y2Basub>4<gydF4y2Ba/sub>没有使用兴奋剂”，<gydF4y2Bai>化学。板牙。<gydF4y2Ba/i><b>24 (2),<gydF4y2Ba/b>353 - 360(2012)。<gydF4y2Baa href="https://doi.org/10.1021/cm2031653">https://doi.org/10.1021/cm2031653<gydF4y2Ba/a></li> <li>张丽艳，“ZnWO体系的次固相关系”<gydF4y2Basub>4<gydF4y2Ba/sub>-ZnMoO<gydF4y2Basub>4<gydF4y2Ba/sub>-MnWO<gydF4y2Basub>4<gydF4y2Ba/sub>-MnMoO<gydF4y2Basub>4<gydF4y2Ba/sub>”,<gydF4y2Bai>矿物。玛格。<gydF4y2Ba/i><b>36 (283),<gydF4y2Ba/b>992 - 996(1968)。<gydF4y2Baa href="https://doi.org/10.1180/minmag.1968.283.036.11">https://doi.org/10.1180/minmag.1968.283.036.11<gydF4y2Ba/a></li> <li>V. Hardy, C. Payen, F. Damay, L. Meddar, M. Josse和G. Andre，<gydF4y2Bai>期刊。提供者。事<gydF4y2Ba/i><b>28 (33),<gydF4y2Ba/b>336003(2016)。<gydF4y2Baa href="https://doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/28/33/336003">https://doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/28/33/336003<gydF4y2Ba/a></li> </ol> <div class="clearboth"></div> <div class="biblio"> <h3 class="bio">Holger Gibhardt<gydF4y2Ba/h3> <p>Holger Gibhardt博士在海德堡和亚琛(德国)学习物理学，并于1994年从亚琛毕业，获得“文凭”。1998年在Göttingen物理化学研究所完成博士论文。他的研究兴趣是不同凝聚态体系的结构和光谱研究。中子散射和拉曼散射是最重要的工具。1999年至今，任中国科学院物理化学研究所(Göttingen)高级科学家。<gydF4y2Babr><a href="//m.byopera.com/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection"><span class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="214946484349405361465645460f4544">(电子邮件保护)<gydF4y2Ba/span></a></p> </div> </div> <span class="a2a_kit a2a_kit_size_32 addtoany_list" data-a2a-url="//m.byopera.com/article/structural-dielectric-and-raman-spectroscopic-study-complex-electric-and-magnetic" data-a2a-title="Structural, dielectric and Raman spectroscopic study of complex electric and magnetic interactions in multiferroic ionic crystals"><a class="a2a_dd 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